0 in Hawaiian
ʻole
Zero as a number; ʻaʻohe is used for none in quantity contexts.
LIVING · DECIMAL WORDS · NAMED TENS
Hawaiian
ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi
Hawaiian decimal counting through one hundred: named tens join extra units with kūmā. Traditional group names are explained separately.
Convert numbers- Place
- Hawaiian Islands
- Period / variant
- Contemporary decimal counting; traditional object-group vocabulary retained
EXAMPLES
kanalima-kūmā-ono
56 · Decimal words · named tens
Rule-derived application of the teacher’s pattern: fifty joined to six gives 56.
Worked example
Read 56 in Hawaiian
Use a named ten followed by -kūmā- and a unit root for amounts such as 56. Twenty has the special name iwakālua; tens from thirty through ninety use kana- with the appropriate root. This display uses bare counting forms, preserving the teacher’s explanatory hyphens.
- kanalima
kanalima names 50, formed with kana- and the corresponding root.
- kūmā
Kūmā joins additional units to the ten.
- ono
ono supplies 6; combine the parts as kanalima-kūmā-ono.
Check
50 + 6 = 56
Number-word dictionary
Number words are the signs in this tradition. This dictionary shows the documented words and their meanings, preserving the spelling used by the sources. Some words name whole groups or connect parts of a number.
- ʻole
- 0 · bare counting form
- kahi
- 1 · bare counting form
- lua
- 2 · bare counting form
- kolu
- 3 · bare counting form
- hā
- 4 · bare counting form
- lima
- 5 · bare counting form
- ono
- 6 · bare counting form
- hiku
- 7 · bare counting form
- walu
- 8 · bare counting form
- iwa
- 9 · bare counting form
- ʻumi
- 10
- iwakālua
- 20
- kanakolu
- 30
- kanahā
- 40
- kanalima
- 50
- kanaono
- 60
- kanahiku
- 70
- kanawalu
- 80
- kanaiwa
- 90
- hoʻokahi haneli
- 100 · contemporary decimal form
- kūmā
- joins a ten to additional units: kanalima-kūmā-ono = 56
- kana-
- forms the tens from 30 through 90 with a number root
- kāuna
- traditional grouping term: a group of 4 objects
- kaʻau
- traditional grouping term: a group of 40 objects
- lau
- traditional grouping value 400; context may express abundance
- mano
- traditional grouping value 4,000; context matters
How the words fit together
Use a named ten followed by -kūmā- and a unit root for amounts such as 56. Twenty has the special name iwakālua; tens from thirty through ninety use kana- with the appropriate root. This display uses bare counting forms, preserving the teacher’s explanatory hyphens.
- Learn the bare counting roots: kahi, lua, kolu, hā, lima, ono, hiku, walu, iwa. Zero is ʻole and ten is ʻumi.
- Join a ten to extra units with -kūmā-: ʻumi-kūmā-kahi gives 10 + 1 = 11.
- Twenty is iwakālua. Iwakālua-kūmā-lua gives 20 + 2 = 22.
- Kana- with roots from three to nine forms the later tens: kanakolu (30), kanahā (40), kanalima (50), kanaono (60), kanahiku (70), kanawalu (80), kanaiwa (90).
- For 56, kanalima supplies 50 and ono supplies 6: kanalima-kūmā-ono = 50 + 6. One hundred is hoʻokahi haneli.
- Kāuna, kaʻau, lau, and mano are traditional object-group terms. They are labeled separately in the dictionary; sentence quantities can also take different prefixes from bare counting roots.
4 in Hawaiian
hā
The bare counting root for four. Kāuna separately names a group of four objects.
22 in Hawaiian
iwakālua-kūmā-lua
Twenty plus two, explicitly printed in the ʻŌlelo Online lesson.
40 in Hawaiian
kanahā
Forty in decimal counting. Kaʻau is the separately documented object-group term.
56 in Hawaiian
kanalima-kūmā-ono
Rule-derived application of the teacher’s pattern: fifty joined to six gives 56.
100 in Hawaiian
hoʻokahi haneli
One hundred, recorded in ʻŌiwi Parker Jones’s linguistic number survey.
Supports the documented decimal counting pattern from 0 through 100. Hyphens mark constituent parts as in the teaching lesson; joined spellings also occur. Bare counting roots differ from quantity forms such as ʻelua and hoʻokahi. Traditional grouping terms remain a separate glossary within this entry. The ʻokina and kahakō are meaningful parts of the spelling.
History
The selected converter follows Kaliko Trapp’s contemporary number-building lesson. It uses the bare counting roots and the -kūmā- pattern. Hawaiian also has traditional terms for groups of objects, such as kāuna (four) and kaʻau (forty); these remain in the dictionary with their own context, like English dozen rather than a substitute for every ordinary number name.
How to read it
Use a named ten followed by -kūmā- and a unit root for amounts such as 56. Twenty has the special name iwakālua; tens from thirty through ninety use kana- with the appropriate root. This display uses bare counting forms, preserving the teacher’s explanatory hyphens.
- Learn the bare counting roots: kahi, lua, kolu, hā, lima, ono, hiku, walu, iwa. Zero is ʻole and ten is ʻumi.
- Join a ten to extra units with -kūmā-: ʻumi-kūmā-kahi gives 10 + 1 = 11.
- Twenty is iwakālua. Iwakālua-kūmā-lua gives 20 + 2 = 22.
- Kana- with roots from three to nine forms the later tens: kanakolu (30), kanahā (40), kanalima (50), kanaono (60), kanahiku (70), kanawalu (80), kanaiwa (90).
- For 56, kanalima supplies 50 and ono supplies 6: kanalima-kūmā-ono = 50 + 6. One hundred is hoʻokahi haneli.
- Kāuna, kaʻau, lau, and mano are traditional object-group terms. They are labeled separately in the dictionary; sentence quantities can also take different prefixes from bare counting roots.
Limits
Supports the documented decimal counting pattern from 0 through 100. Hyphens mark constituent parts as in the teaching lesson; joined spellings also occur. Bare counting roots differ from quantity forms such as ʻelua and hoʻokahi. Traditional grouping terms remain a separate glossary within this entry. The ʻokina and kahakō are meaningful parts of the spelling.
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