LIVING · BASE 10 · RIGHT TO LEFT

N’Ko

Decimal digits written from right to left.

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Place
Manding communities, West Africa
Period / variant
1949 onward
EXAMPLES

144 · Base 10 · right to left

One hundred at the right; this value illustrates directionality in Unicode.

Worked example

Write 144 in N’Ko

Read from right to left. The ones place is at the left; larger places extend to the right.

  1. 144 ÷ 100 = 1, remainder 44. Start with 1 in the 100s place, then write the remainder in the lower places.

  2. This sign is the digit 1. In the 100s place, it contributes 1 × 100 = 100.

  3. 44 ÷ 10 = 4, remainder 4. This sign is the digit 4. In the 10s place, it contributes 4 × 10 = 40.

  4. This sign is the digit 4. At the ones place, it contributes 4.

Check

1 × 100 + 4 × 10 + 4 = 144

Sources and notation notes

N’Ko Institute: script encoding proposal · Unicode: N’Ko digits and directionality

Meet the symbols

Each tile shows one digit and its value. These are the 10 digits used by this display. Combine them using the rules below.

  • 0
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5
  • 6
  • 7
  • 8
  • 9

How the symbols fit together

Use familiar groups of ten, but begin reading the number at the right-hand end.

  1. Each sign is a digit from zero to nine. In this layout, the rightmost digit has the largest place value.
  2. For 42, begin with the 4 on the right. It is in the tens position, so it means four tens: 40.
  3. Move left to the 2 in the ones position. Add 40 + 2 = 42.
  4. A zero keeps an empty position visible. In 100, the rightmost 1 means one hundred, and the two zeros to its left mean no tens and no ones.

0 in N’Ko

The script has a distinct decimal zero.

42 in N’Ko

Four tens at the right, two units at the left.

144 in N’Ko

One hundred at the right; this value illustrates directionality in Unicode.

The artwork is arranged in visual reading order; copied Unicode retains most-significant-first logical order. This entry covers cardinal whole numbers, without ordinal diacritics or locale-specific grouping punctuation.

History

N’Ko writing was created by Solomana Kanté for Manding languages. Unlike Arabic numbers embedded in Arabic prose, N’Ko numerals follow the right-to-left direction of the surrounding script.

How to read it

Use familiar groups of ten, but begin reading the number at the right-hand end.

  1. Each sign is a digit from zero to nine. In this layout, the rightmost digit has the largest place value.
  2. For 42, begin with the 4 on the right. It is in the tens position, so it means four tens: 40.
  3. Move left to the 2 in the ones position. Add 40 + 2 = 42.
  4. A zero keeps an empty position visible. In 100, the rightmost 1 means one hundred, and the two zeros to its left mean no tens and no ones.

Limits

The artwork is arranged in visual reading order; copied Unicode retains most-significant-first logical order. This entry covers cardinal whole numbers, without ordinal diacritics or locale-specific grouping punctuation.

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